2 Samuel 8:9

Authorized King James Version

When Toi king of Hamath heard that David had smitten all the host of Hadadezer,

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיִּשְׁמַ֕ע
heard
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
#2
תֹּ֖עִי
When Toi
tou or toi, a syrian king
#3
מֶ֣לֶךְ
king
a king
#4
חֲמָ֑ת
of Hamath
chamath, a place in syria
#5
כִּ֚י
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#6
הִכָּ֣ה
had smitten
to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)
#7
דָוִ֔ד
that David
david, the youngest son of jesse
#8
אֵ֖ת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#9
כָּל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#10
חֵ֥יל
all the host
probably a force, whether of men, means or other resources; an army, wealth, virtue, valor, strength
#11
הֲדַדְעָֽזֶר׃
of Hadadezer
hadadezer, a syrian king, possibly a royal title

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to 2 Samuel. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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